Definition of strain
Steps that will help you to understand [ Elasticity: How to Calculate the Strain in Physics ]
Strain can simply be defined as the ratio of extension of the body to the original length.
Stress is the ratio of force to the Area. The unit we use to measure stress is in N/m
The mathematical expression for strain is
Strain = Extension (increase in length) / Original length
Extension or Increase in length = E
Original length = L
Also
Stress = Force (F) / Area (A)
Example 1: [ Elasticity: How to Calculate the Strain in Physics ]
A piece of rubber 0.2m long stretches by 0.01m when a load is hung on it. Calculate the strain.
Solution:
Data:
Original length (L) = 0.2
Extension (E) = 0.01
But, Strain = Extension (increase in length) / Original length
Thus, Strain = L / E
By substituting our figures into the main formula, Strain = 0.01 / 0.2
Which implies that
Strain = 0.05
Points to Note [ Elasticity: How to Calculate the Strain in Physics ]
Here are some vital points to note under elasticity:
Elasticity
Is the ability of a body to regain its original shape and size after undergoing distortion.
Elastic Limit
It’s the maximum stretching power of a wire.
Deformation
This usually occurs when an object is stretched or compressed.
It is Plastic if the object does not regain its original shape or size. While it’s Elastic if the object regains its original shape or size.
Breaking Point
When you stretch an object beyond its limit, the object might break in the process.
Yield Point
Yield point is a point when you stretch an object beyond elastic limit and in the process, the body can no longer regain its original position.
Hooke’s Law
According to Robert Hooke, “When a body is stretched, the extension of a wire is directly proportional to the load or force applied to its end, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded”.
That is E α L which shows that E = KL
Also, Force applied is directly proportional to the extension
Thus, Force (F) α Extension (E)
Which implies that
E1 / L1 = E2 / L2
And K = elastic constant
You may also like to check:
How to Calculate Increase in Volume From Cubic Expansivity
How to Calculate the Resultant of Two Forces at an Angle
Refractive Index: How to Calculate an Apparent Displacement
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